The Great Migration is a continuous wildlife movement across Serengeti National Park and the Maasai Mara National Reserve. More than 1.5 million wildebeest, along with zebra and gazelle, move in a circular pattern driven by rainfall and grazing conditions. This creates defined seasonal windows that support structured safari planning across both countries.
From January to March, the herds concentrate in the southern Serengeti and the Ndutu area. This period is known for calving season, when large numbers of wildebeest give birth over a short timeframe. Predator activity increases, particularly lion, cheetah, and hyena, and the open plains allow for consistent viewing conditions. This phase does not include river crossings but remains a key period for wildlife density and interaction.
Between April and June, the migration moves through the central and western Serengeti toward the Grumeti River. Movement is steady, and early river crossings begin in this region. From July to October, the herds reach the northern Serengeti and the Mara River, where the most recognised river crossings take place. During this period, animals move between Tanzania and Kenya, with strong game viewing on both sides of the border.
From November to December, short rains trigger the return south, completing the cycle. The Great Migration follows a consistent annual pattern, allowing itineraries to be aligned with specific regions and timeframes, depending on the type of wildlife experience required.